HPV vaccine concerns

The large majority of the parents who bring their children to my office want their children to be vaccinated against any disease we can protect them against. The HPV vaccine is one exception. While most of my patients are given the Gardasil at their 11 or 12 year check up, some parents still "want to do their research" or "have heard things" so they decline to protect their kids at those visits. Sadly they often return year after year and say that they still haven't done their research, so their child remains unprotected. Sometimes they'll say that they will let their child decide at 18 years of age. Sadly, by that age many will have already been infected.

I recently had a parent share HPV Vaccine: Panacea or Pandora’s Box? The Costs and Deceptiveness of the New Technology with me. She had concerns based on the information in this article. The first thing I noted was that it is from 2011. This is outdated, since we have learned so much in the six years since it was published, yet like many anti-vax articles, it continues to circulate online.

 The first argument is that it won’t last long enough. 

It is therefore possible that the protective effects of the vaccination will wane at the time when women are most susceptible to the oncogenic effects of the virus (those over 30), providing protection to those who do not need it (adolescents) and failing to provide protection to those who do (women over 30).

Studies show protection lasts 10 years and hasn’t dropped by that time. If future studies show a booster is needed, we can add that. That in no way should mean to not give protection for the years it is really needed – adolescence and young adult life. I cannot agree with the statement that providing protection "to those who do not need it (adolescents)" at all. Yes teens need protection. I'll get more into their risks below. And the fact that women over 30 are more likely to develop the cancer does not mean that is when they come into contact with the virus. It's kind of like saying that kids don't need to brush their teeth because they don't have cavities. If you wait for the cavities to develop, it's too late!

The second argument is based on old version of the vaccine. We now use the 9 valent variety, which covers the large majority of cancer causing strains. Again, even if there are other strains, why not protect against what we have?

The argument that natural immunity will last longer than the vaccine immunity is not a valid argument. Natural immunity can wane with some diseases too, and if we can protect against the disease, it is preferable. Boosters for many vaccines are needed when we know immunity wanes. That’s okay. Some parents advocate to not vaccinate and get the real disease. When their kids get whooping cough they’re miserable. Many are hospitalized. Some even die. I’d rather do boosters! (This may be a bad example because I don’t think our booster for whooping cough lasts long enough and there are complications with giving boosters more often, but ongoing surveillance and research will continue and hopefully improve the situation.)

The cost issue is interesting. If it was not cost effective in the long run, insurance companies wouldn’t pay for it. It’s that simple. They’ve done the math. Australia is a great example. Their cancer rates are down because HPV is a mandatory vaccine. 

The risks listed have all been shown to not be as risky as once shown.

• HPV Vaccine Not Linked To Autoimmune Disorders, Study
• Questioning Whether To Get Your Child the HPV Vaccine? Read This
• Is The HPV Vaccine Safe? v 2.0
• Gardasil HPV Vaccine Safety Assessed In Most Comprehensive Study To Date

The article also alludes to this being a sexually transmitted disease so we can just teach abstinence until marriage. There are so many things wrong with this. First, this virus can spread through non-intercourse activities, which can be part of a normal and healthy teen relationship. Second, even if your child is a virgin at marriage, their spouse might not be. Or the spouse could die and they remarry. Or there could be infidelity in marriage. There may not be signs of this virus during an infection. Testing for HPV is recommended for women over 30 years of age, but is not available for men at any age, so teens and young adults will not know if they have the virus or not. And we know that abstinence only teaching fails. Some people raised in strict Christian households have sex outside of marriage. Teaching kids to protect themselves is much more effective to prevent many sexually transmitted infections, but condoms don't always protect against HPV transmission.  And there’s always rape. One out of four women has been sexually assaulted. One in four! What a horrible thing to be raped. Then to find out you get cancer from that…

They argue it hasn’t been tested in males. It has. And it cuts cancer rates in men too. They’re not just vectors as stated in the article.

This article is several years old. It didn’t yet know that the cancer rates in Australia would fall like we now know. We’ve learned much more information than they knew in 2011 when it was written. We know the HPV vaccine is safe. It is best given before the teen years to induce the best immune response and to get kids protected before the risk of catching the virus becomes more likely. It isn’t a lifestyle choice to get this virus, as it seems the author claims. People have sex. This virus and other infections can spread through sex. But this virus is also spread without intercourse (such as through oral sex or skin to skin contact without sex), which is why 80% of the adult population has had the virus at some point.

Someone You Love is a documentary that follows several women with HPV related cancer. If you still think the vaccine isn't worth it for your child, watch it. I am not paid in any way to recommend this. It simply is a powerful documentary that shows the devastation of HPV disease and you should see that before saying your child doesn't need protection.

I strongly feel this is a safe and effective vaccine. So much so that my own teens received three doses of the original Gardasil and one dose of Gardasil 9 despite no official recommendations for this booster. I want to protect them in any way that I can. If I had any concerns about its safety I would not have given it to my own children. I don't think I can list any study or give any argument stronger than that.

Great News About the HPV Vaccine!

The HPV vaccine has been a controversial vaccine on social media, but anyone who knows me knows that I agree with the recommendations and wholeheartedly endorse it for the reasons given in my favorite HPV Vaccine article.

Photo Source: Jan Christian via Wikimedia

To add to the confusion and misinformation that circulates regarding the safety of the vaccine (which I don't have room to go into here, but is discussed here, here, here, and visually here), the vaccine itself has changed (covering 9 strains now compared to the initial 4 strains) and the dosing schedule is changing.

Don't presume the change in vaccine schedule is to answer the calls of the anti-HPV vaccine crowd. That isn't needed because their claims have been debunked (see all the articles referenced above).

Dosing schedule ~ Happy News!

HPV vaccines were initially approved to be administered as a 3-dose series: dose #2 given two months after the first and the 3rd dose at least 4 months after the second. Giving doses later is acceptable, but they cannot be given too early.

There is research that supports giving just two doses at least 6 months apart. A two dose schedule was approved earlier in Europe and this week was approved by the FDA in the US for children 9 to 14 years of age. The two doses should be given 6-12 months apart, which means for most kids they can get the vaccine at two regularly scheduled well visits (such as the 11 year exam and the 12 year exam) and not have to come in for additional visits.

The data support continuing a 3 dose series in those 15 years and up. This means they can get the 2nd dose 2 months after the 1st dose and then a 3rd dose at least 4 months after the 2nd dose and 6 months after the 1st dose.

The official ACIP Meeting Information is not yet available, but will be posed within 90 days of the October 19-20 meeting. (Note: I originally stated this was an October 11 meeting.)

I know that the two dose series will make many kids happy ~ one less shot for the same protection!

If two doses have already been given at less than 6 months apart or if the teen is 15 years and older, the third dose will still be needed.

Addendum: 

I don't want to confuse everyone... the FDA has approved a new schedule, but the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) will need to give their input before the schedule actually changes. That will be decided at their October 19-20 meeting.

One last addendum:

The ACIP approved the changes! Talk to your doctor about your child's vaccine needs. In short, the new recommendations state:

• Kids who get the first HPV vaccine before their 15th birthday need two doses 6-12 months apart.
• Kids who have turned 15 years old before the first dose should use the 3 dose series.
• Kids who have gotten a 2nd dose less than 6 months after the first (regardless of age) need the 3rd dose.