New 2017 Generics for Concerta

Deja vu. I feel like I've been through this before.

Two of my most-read blogs were about generic forms of Concerta available in 2013-14. The FDA had allowed companies to manufacture and sell tablets that were not the same as Concerta. People across the country noticed the change immediately. I started seeing patients who had been well controlled on Concerta for a long time who suddenly were not able to focus, were more angry, and had other focus and behavior problems. Initially I had no idea there was a new generic, but one mother sent me a picture of the new pill and I knew instantly it could not be the same.

Now I've heard there will be new generics from Trigen Laboratories, Mylan and Impax Laboratories that do not use the special delivery system of Concerta once again. I'm worried because it took many many months of people filing reports with the FDA through MedWatch before the FDA finally stopped allowing the substitution. I hope the newly approved versions work better than the previous editions, but am worried not only because they don't use OROS technology, but there are several new versions coming to market and each could be different.

I have heard that the previously available OROS generic (made in the same factory as the name brand Concerta and the same exact pill but with a different label) will no longer be available. If this is true, options will be to pay for the name brand or go with a new version of the medicine.

These are all OROS type methylphenidate HCl ER (Concerta)

What makes Concerta unique?

Concerta is the branded formulation of methylphenidate HCl Extended Release that has a unique time release system. This time release technology is called OROS (osmotic controlled release oral delivery system). Unlike many slow releasing medications that are released as the capsule parts dissolve, the OROS capsule doesn't dissolve. There is a little active medicine that is released immediately and then the medicine is slowly released through a small hole in one end of the capsule. The pill works like a pump, pulling in water from the intestines, pushing the medicine out of the tube slowly throughout the day. This allows for a consistent drug release. See this photo from Medscape:

Source: https://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/547415_10

You can tell if you have the OROS tablets if they have a small dimple in one end:

The new generics

The same active ingredient (methylphenidate) is used in the new pills. I have heard that at least one version of the pills is round, so I know they don't use the OROS system. I cannot tell what type of delayed release they will have based on the information in their package inserts.

I find it very frustrating that each of the package inserts appear to be nearly identical to the one for Concerta (including the initial US approval date of 2000, which is not correct for this form). Older warnings, including a contraindication in those with tics, has been found in newer studies to not be a contraindication. The fact that they did not push to remove it makes me wonder if they did not want to have to change other parts of the document.

Figure 1 and Table 6 are identical with the exception of changing the word "CONCERTA" to "methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release" and Trigen added an easy-to-read table format: 

Concerta

https://www.janssenmd.com/pdf/concerta/concerta_pi.pdf

Trigen's Methylphenidate HCl ER

Impax's Methylphenidate HCl ER

This makes me wonder if they were somehow able to get permission to make their new tablets based on Concerta's data, not their own. 

We'll see how it works in people who have previously taken OROS methylphenidate ER. Sadly, one version might work better than another, so you will have to keep track of which brand you are using.

What's good about the new generics?

If it's true that the currently available generic OROS form of methylphenidate ER is no longer going to be available, it's good that there will be other options to help keep costs down. Maybe. Sometimes insurance companies prefer branded products. It's all how they contract the cost. If you don't know how to use your insurance company's prescription formulary, you should learn. Also check out GoodRx for pricing information.

One might work as well (or better) than the OROS formulation in any individual. You won't know until you try it. 

One benefit I am excited about if these work: 

The Trigen version is available as a 72 mg tablet. The original Concerta is not able to be made at that strength. You can see from the photos above that the pills get bigger with increasing dosages, and the OROS system has limits to how much it can hold. For people who need 72 mg, they must take two of the 36 mg OROS tablets. Since patients pay by the pill and they need 60 pills/month instead of 30, this can be quite a bit more expensive.

What should you do if the pills change - especially if they don't work? 

Check each bottle when you pick up new medicine and ask if you can return unused tablets if they don't work for any reason. 

Keep track of what each pill looks like and the brand (which should be on the label) so you know which versions work and which don't. 

Talk to your kids about how they think and feel on and off their medicine - some will be more in tune with themselves than others.

Keep in touch with teachers as the pills change so you know if there are school-related issues you're not seeing at home.

If the pills don't work or have new or worsening side effects:

• Talk to your HR representative who deals with the insurance company. 
• Call your insurance company directly. Send them e-mails and snail mail. 
• Ask your physician to write a letter on your behalf. 

In each of the above situations, include why your family member needs the OROS technology. Give examples of how it works better than the other extended release methylphenidates and why the amphetamine class of medication failed (if tried). 

• People were able to get the FDA to look into the issue the last time a different tablet was substituted by submitting complaints to MedWatch. It took a long time, but the FDA finally agreed that there are significant differences and the other substitutions were no longer allowed. It's easy and free. Please submit to MedWatch if you have any concerns!

If you need to change medications because the new generics don't work well, it helps to know what other medicines are in the same class so you can look up your formulary coverage. The ADHD Medication Guide has an easy-to-read format of ADHD medicines. Just look for other medicines in the same colored box as Concerta to find similar drugs. (To limit plagiarism of this wonderful chart, you must click on the user agreement in the center of the page. It is free and easy.) Medications have been arranged on the card for ease of display and comparison, but dosing equivalence cannot be assumed. Talk with your doctor about what medicines will be best for your child (or yourself). *The ADHD Medication Guide was created by Dr. Andrew Adesman of the North Shore-LIJ Health System.

Related Posts:

Generic Concerta Not Working Like It Used To?

Update on generic Methylphenidate HCl ER (name brand = Concerta)

No co pay for well visits! But then there's the small print...

It is recommended that at least once a year children be seen for a well visit. It is important that your child's doctor see him regularly when well and not just when sick so we have time to get to know him better and keep up with how he's doing. It might seem time consuming and wasteful, but well visits help track growth, development, safety issues, and much more. Your kids need to come in even if the school doesn't require shots or a form. Now that well visits usually don't involve a co pay, they can be free (or included in the cost of your insurance premium), so there is one more reason for you to bring your child in for well care.

For years we have had the poster below in our exam rooms. It explains what it covered in a well visit and what insurance companies might define as extra services that families must pay.

We have a lot of insurance information on our website. We also send a pre-visit email to all patients who have registered on our website portal. This email contains a lot of important information, including billing and insurance issues that commonly come up at well checks. Our parent handbook that is available in each room includes common billing codes and the amount we charge for each. I have blogged about insurance time and time again. 

Sometimes parents are upset to learn that we can't go over the laundry list of problems that day due to limited time. Well visits have a number of things to cover, and there is limited time for any given appointment. We want to spend adequate time on each concern.

If we do have time to address some or all of the additional issues, parents are usually happy for the convenience. But many are surprised that their Explanation of Benefit (EOB) from their insurance company includes a bill to the family.

Why is this?

Insurance has agreed that preventative well visits promote overall good health and save them money in the long run, so they are willing to have their clients have free well care in order to encourage them to go to those visits.

Insurance is also smart and in the game to make money. They know that many people save up questions to ask at the yearly visit to avoid going in at other times. They are fine with that, but they don't think they should foot the bill for it. If you ask about acne, warts, asthma, and more at a well visit, they know those aren't well topics. They want you to pay the same co pay that would have been expected if you made a separate visit for each issue. Makes sense from a business perspective, right? People often call insurance to complain, and get some version of "your doctor's office billed it wrong" and ask us to change the code.

We didn't bill wrong! We coded for work done. Period. What they are saying is that we billed for some "sick" codes that were addressed at that visit and they don't include "sick" codes in free well care. Or maybe the recommended screening test (such as for autism or depression) is something they don't cover. (This is happening less since the ACA mandates, thankfully.)

Some of the issues that have sick codes are easy to separate from the well visit. To me it is easy if there is a new prescription, that could be a stand alone visit. If your child has an ear infection or if we decide to start a prescription for acne, those easily could have been appointments you schedule separately, but got the convenience of covering it at your well visit.

It is more of a grey area when the prescription is simply a refill and we don't spend a lot of time going over risks of the medicine, how to use it, when to follow up, and all the other "stuff" we do with a new prescription or diagnosis. My EHR (Electronic Health Record) just sees that there was a note or prescription linked to that diagnosis and picks up the code to send to the insurance company along with the other codes from the visit. Some refills really are just a formality, such as for an allergy medicine. Others, such as for asthma, depression, or ADHD, really require assessment to be sure it is the right prescription and proper documentation of that information every time there is is a refill. Those that require school paperwork to authorize a nurse to give medicine at school take more time than a normal well visit. Sometimes there's a fine line between the two.

Some issues are very difficult to say are separate from the well visit. For instance, if a child is overweight, there is a code that gets sent to insurance when we document in the EHR (electronic health record) the assessment of overweight or obese (or some version of a growth issue). We must pick this assessment this to properly document our conversation and advice. Maybe this even leads to extra labs to check on cholesterol or diabetes risks. Growth and nutrition should be discussed at every well visit, so this is part of the well visit, but when the growth is abnormal we might spend more time on it. Does it deserve a sick code and separate charge? This is an often debated topic among pediatricians (and with their patient families when parents get billed). I don't know the answer. If we were lawyers and billed on time, I suspect the bill would be higher than a straight forward well check. But we don't bill on time for these type of visits. People expect that a visit is a visit and it's all-inclusive. It's just not that simple.

I sometimes make the decision to simply not document something we discuss. Typically is is a minor issue that I don't think will need follow up, or I presume if it needs follow up it will get documented at that follow up. This can cause frustration though if a parent calls later and the phone nurse has no idea what advice I gave because there's no indication in the chart it was discussed. And it can be embarrassing when the parent comes in to talk to me about it and I've completely forgotten the previous discussion. There are consequences to trying to be nice when I know the family doesn't want to get charged for something...

Concerta, Methylphenidate ER formulations, Shortages and Formularies

The popular ADHD medicine, Concerta, has been subject of a lot of debate in the past couple of years, and that is continuing into 2015.

This is from a Canadian blogger, but I love the picture showing the difference inside.

Problem #1: Generics vs Concerta

It started when companies started making generic formulations that had a different delivery system.  (If you haven't heard of the issue, you need to read this before reading further for it to make any sense.)

The FDA said that the non-OROS formulations are not acceptable substitutions in November 2014.

Even the same active ingredient in a different delivery system could cause a problem with a child who is doing well on one type of delivery system who gets a different type the following month. The drug releases into the body at a different rate, so the drug is distributed differently throughout the day. This can be insignificant for some people, but can cause significant issues in others. I have heard that some children's medicine wears off much earlier (before the end of the school day) and much faster (leading to emotional and behavioral problems) with different delivery systems.

It is important that whatever delivery system a child does well on continues to be used. They are not interchangeable. Talk with your pharmacist every time you fill the prescription to be sure it is the same manufacturer, or in the case of Concerta, one of the manufacturers that makes the name brand or authorized generic.

Problem #2: Shortages

Since pharmacists can no longer use two of the three brands of generics to fill Concerta prescriptions, there is now a nationwide shortage of Concerta and the one generic that uses the OROS technology. The shortages are expected to last through the second quarter of 2015.

Problem #3: Formularies

To top it off, many insurance companies dropped Concerta and the authorized generic from their 2015 formularies. This means that if you buy the OROS methylphenidate medicine, it is not covered at all by insurance. You must pay cash and it does not count toward your deductible. This makes it out of reach for many most families. I am happy to see that some companies are adding it back to their formularies already -- I suspect there have been a lot of complaints. If it is not on your formulary and it is the medicine that works best for your family member, start complaining.

You will most likely need to try another medicine - or several other medicines - to make a good argument. If a formulary medicine also works, simply use it instead. Save yourself the trouble of going through the hoops to get the OROS methylphenidate. It is only if there is not a well tolerated and effective other option that you should fight for the OROS methylphenidate.

How do you fight the fight? Talk to your HR representative who deals with the insurance company. Call your insurance company directly. Send them e-mails and snail mail. Ask your physician to write a letter on your behalf. State why your family member needs the OROS technology. Give examples of how it works better than the other extended release methylphenidates and why the amphetamine class of medication failed. People were able to get the FDA to look into the issue and they agreed that there are significant differences, so insurance companies cannot pretend that it is an equal substitution.

Finding the right medicine

Due to the formulary changes and the shortage of OROS methylphenidate, I have heard that pharmacists are telling patients that they cannot fill a prescription because it cannot say "Concerta" and that they doctor must re-write the prescription as "methylphenidate ER" for them to be able to fill it. This means that they will fill it with the non-authorized generic formulation. If your child has done well on a non-OROS medicine in the past, great! If not, you must find out if it is a formulary issue or if the pharmacy is out of stock of one of the brands, since the remedy is different for different issues.

You will need to check on your formulary, usually available on your insurance company website, for the amount in milligrams that is allowable. It might be that another generic formulation of methylphenidate, not one for Concerta, is on formulary. Concerta comes in very odd sizes (18mg, 27mg, 36 mg, 54mg) and most others come in multiples of 5s or 10s. So if your formulary has only methylphenidates in multiples of 5s or 10s, you know that your child will not be getting the OROS formulation. It is more tricky if the odd sizes are available on the formulary, because unless the prescription says "Concerta", the pharmacist can pick which one to use.  All the pills with the OROS technology say "ALZA" on the pill. Look at the pills before finalizing the purchase and keep your child's medicine the same from month to month unless there are problems on it.

If a prescription is written "methylphenidate ER __ mg" instead of "Concerta __ mg" a pharmacist can fill with any of the long acting methylphenidate medicines that are the same strength, regardless of it is is OROS technology or another form of long acting medicine. The problem is that the same strength of the same active ingredient does not become usable at the same rate due to the delivery system of the pill, so try to keep your child on the same brand if he does well on it. If he doesn't do well on it, it might be better to simply try a different brand with a different delivery system, if allowable by your insurance and available at the pharmacy.

Since the prescription can no longer say "Concerta" if you want to try the other formulation, it might take a few trips between the doctor's office and the pharmacy to find a prescription to match the medicine available at the pharmacy that is covered on your formulary. Each might require a prior authorization before being able to finalize the purchase, so anticipate a few days to weeks before you will be able to take home the medicine.

It will be difficult to deal with drug shortages once the formulary issue is resolved. If your insurance allows 90 day prescriptions, this might be a good option once the dose is optimized. (This is not a good option for the first few months of a new medicine because dose changes might be needed.) Be sure to fill a new prescription as soon as possible to give time for the pharmacy to order in the drug if needed and to have any required prior authorizations completed by your doctor.

Take a deep breath. Slowly exhale. This will all pass in time, but it will be a rocky road for a bit.

Medical Billing and a Restaurant

Medical insurance and billing is a mess. That is one thing I think most people would agree upon. The difficult thing is to find a solution that most people agree upon.

photo source: Shutterstock

Since our office has started a new financial policy that includes sending credit card information for secure storage to be used for payment of money owed, we have been encouraged by many people. They realize that businesses must have a means to collect payments owed. Many businesses use a credit card storage system. For instance, when someone books a hotel room they must have a credit card on file with the hotel. That protects the hotel in case people never show up (so the hotel can collect per their cancellation policy), if they damage the room, or otherwise build charges for which the hotel needs to collect payment. Because the hotel industry has been doing this for so long, most people don't question the practice when booking a room. There have been a few (but vocal) people who are upset by our new financial policy. I am hopeful that they can begin to see from our perspective just why this is a much needed policy.

We see most collection issues with high deductible plans but can't pick and choose which patients need to give a credit card. It must be the same policy for everyone. If you never owe money, we will never charge your card. If you owe money, you owe money. Your insurance company lets you know how much after they make their adjustments on the Explanation of Benefits (EOB). That amount is not up to us. It is per your contract with your insurance company. We will save you time in processing the bill by submitting it to your credit card if it's under the amount stated in our policy. If it's a higher amount owed, out of courtesy we will contact you to alert you to the charge. If you need to work out a payment plan, we're happy to work with you. But you still owe the money for services already rendered. It's that simple.

Where else does someone make a purchase, but only find out how much it will cost them weeks later? That is exactly what happens when someone goes to the doctor or has a lab or procedure done. You don't know the cost to you (and neither does the office) because it depends on how your insurance adjusts the bill and what portion they pay versus what they state is expected from you. It is not my system nor my office's system. It is the insurance system.

Our office does have a "menu" of codes representing common procedures, vaccines, and more with the associated charges, but it doesn't really tell people how much they will owe. This menu is in every patient room and can be given to parents if requested. The charges listed are our charges, but the amount any family will owe depends on how their insurance company adjusts and pays for things. I think it would be ideal for people to have access to a standard set of codes on their insurance company website, with a clear depiction of how much their portion will be for each code. But this would be difficult since there are so many plans, people who owe a percentage that varies based on if their deductible is met or not, etc. It varies even to the point that your employer has a different contract with your insurance company than the next employer has with the same company.

When we get the adjustment report from the insurance company and there is a portion left to be paid by the patient, it is typically already weeks after the service was provided. We then are responsible for collecting that money from the family. Many practices (including my own) are starting to hold credit card information to help with collecting payments. We simply can't afford to track down the high volume of patients that owe money. It is often small amounts, sometimes so small that it would cost more to send the bill than the amount owed. But to simply not collect small amounts from hundreds of people adds up to a business in the red.

Think of it like this: "Pay Later Restaurant" doesn't have people pay immediately after dinner. They send the bill to one of the people who enjoyed the meal. About 2 - 4 weeks later, the restaurant receives a payment, but the customer first adjusted the bill down 80% because they have a contract that states they can. But even that payment of 80% of the bill doesn't all come. Since the payment will come from multiple people at the table, only a portion of that discounted price is paid. The remaining portion of the discounted price is owed by someone else at the table. That person wants to see the bill and have it explained to them. They still take a few weeks to pay because they didn't know they were going to pay for their portion of the bill. They thought it would be covered by their dining partner. During all these weeks of trying to decide if the diner really does owe the restaurant, the restaurant still has to pay their rent, pay salaries to their employees, buy new food to sell, and otherwise pay business expenses. How can they continue to stay in business if they don't collect? Businesses in the red close. This is exactly how medical offices must operate.

We want to keep seeing patients, so we need to collect money owed us to be able to pay our bills.

In my perfect world the insurance company would pay the office the full contracted amount owed, and if the patient had a responsibility for part of that fee, the insurance company would charge the family. This keeps it clear that the money is due per the insurance contract because the bill would be to the insurance company, not the doctor's office. This helps the doctor-patient relationship continue to be about medical care, not payments. The insurance company also would have the benefit of withholding coverage if patients don't pay their bills. That encourages people to stay current on payment of their fees. When patients owe the doctor, the doctor has little to do to collect payment other than send the patient to collections and discharge them from the practice - which is really hard for physicians who want to care for people, not worry about paying bills. But we need to think of the business bottom line. If we don't collect payments, we cannot pay our bills. Then we close (or sell to large hospital systems, as many offices have done) and we can't take care of patients the way we want.

My friend, Suzanne Berman, MD, FAAP, of Plateau Pediatrics in Crossville, Tennessee, has written this list of similarities between a restaurant and medical care. It might just help clear up some of the issues we have with competition of walk in clinics, office scheduling, billing, and collecting.

1)      A meal at Hardee’s is different than a meal at the Palm, in many ways (including costs).

2)      Sometimes it’s just cheaper to eat at home.

3)      Most restaurants are a la carte.   The more you order, even if you don’t eat it all, the more you pay. 

4)      Yes, some restaurants are all-you-can-eat for one price, but drinks are still extra.

5)      Just because you had to wait for a table doesn’t entitle you to a free meal.

6)      Some places bring you chips for free.  Other places charge for chips.

7)      Plate sharing and corkage fees have legitimate reasons behind them, even if you don’t like the idea of them.

8)      Just because there are no prices posted on the menu does not mean that the chateaubriand is free.

9)      Your total does not include tax.

10)   Your total does not include tip.

11)   Liquor is always a very expensive add-on relative to the wholesale price of spirits. 

12)   Even if you don’t like how the shrimp makes your pasta taste, you’re still obliged to pay.

13)   Do you treat your own house like you treat our establishment?

14)   If you want a soufflé, you need to declare that BEFORE you order your meal.  Adding on an “oh by the way” does not work with soufflés.

15)   We can help you split the bill and decide which party owes how much, but before you leave the restaurant, the bill must be paid in full by SOMEONE.

Formulary Fun

I have filled out more prior authorizations in the past few months than in the entire last year. Most insurance companies seem to be requiring them for more medicines than ever. They are often denied because people have not tried "preferred" medications first. As the physician I don't have access to the "preferred" list of medications on a patient's formulary, and I find that when I tell parents to look up alternatives on their formulary, they don't know what they're looking for. Insurance companies don't make it easy. Why should they?

Screen shot from Google Search

I decided that some of the most common medicines should be listed somewhere for easy access by patients so they can look up alternatives on their insurance websites. That way they can help themselves. This list is organized by diagnosis and then generic medicines for that diagnosis in alphabetical order with the brand names in parentheses. If you have other medicines or categories you'd like added, please comment below. This will be a work in progress! There are hyperlinks for more information for several of the topics. While it is most accurate to log into your own insurance company's formulary list, if you cannot you can try Fingertip Formulary.

Many of these are quite expensive as monthly costs despite insurance. For help, check out the drug company's website for any coupons or special offers.

Acne

Topical Medicines

• Adapalene (Differin)
• Adapalene + benzoyl peroxide (Epiduo)
• Benzoil peroxide (Benzac AC, Brevoxyl, Triaz, many OTC brands)
• Benzoil peroxide + clindamycin (Benzaclin)
• Benzoil peroxide + erythromycin (Benzamycin)
• Clindamycin (Cleocin T, Clinda-derm, Clindets)
• Clindamycin phosphate and benzoyl peroxide (Duac)
• Erythromycin (Akne-Mycin, A/T/S, Emgel, Erycette, Eryderm, Erygel, Erymax, Ery-Sol, Erythra-Derm, ETS, Staticin, Theramycin Z, T-Stat)
• Tazarotene (Tazorac)
• Tretinoin (Retin-A)

Oral Medicines

• Co-trimoxazole AKA sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim, Septra)
• Doxycycline (Vibramycin)
• Isotretinoin (Accutane)
• Minocycline (Minocin) 
• Progesterone/Estrogen (oral contraceptives): Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Estrostep, Yaz, many others
• Spironolactone (Aldactone)

ADHD- pay attention to duration of action and if pill needs to be swallowed

Brand Name	Active Ingredient	Duration of Action	Time Release Pattern	Can be opened or chewed?
Adderall	d,l-Amphetamine	3-4 hrs	Immediate
Adderall XR	d,l-Amphetamine	10-12 hours	50% am, 50% pm	Beads can be sprinkled
Concerta	Methylphenidate	10-12 hours	10-15 min first effect, 30% am, 70% pm (*)	No, must swallow whole
Daytrana	Methylphenidate	2 hours after removal (**)	Up to 2 hours for first effect, then consistent release	N/A: patch
Dexadrine spansule	Amphetamine	6-8 hours	initial immediate release/ then gradual release over prolonged time
Focalin	DexMethylphenidate	4-6 hours	Immediate
Focalin XR	DexMethylphenidate XR	6-10 hours	50% am, 50% pm	May be sprinkled
Metadate CD	Methylphenidate	6-10 hours	30% am, 70% pm	Beads can be sprinkled
Metadate ER	Methylphenidate	6-8 hours	Gradual decrease after 3 hours, may need to be given more than once/day
Methylin	Methylphenidate	3-4 hours	Immediate
Quillivant XR	Methylphenidate	8-12 hours		N/A: liquid
Ritalin	Methylphenidate	3-4hours	Immediate
Ritalin LA	Methlyphenidate	6-10 hours	50% am, 50% pm	May be sprinkled
Vyvanse	Lisdexamphetamine	10-12 hours	Onset in 30-45 min, then slow release
Quillivant XR	methylphenidate hydrochloride	8-12 hours	20% immediate/ 80% delayed	Liquid

*Concerta is unique: it has a coating of medicine on the outside, so within 10 or 15 minutes you'll be getting some effects of the medication. On the inside, there's a push compartment filled with a polymer fiber that expands like a sponge as it gets wet, and pushes out the medicine through a laser hole on one end. The capsule itself doesn't get absorbed. Concerta has two compartments of the drug, 30% in the first, and 70% in the second. This is called an "ascending dose," and it is designed to offset a decline in the impact of the medication that can occur the second half of the day. Some of the generics for Concerta do not use this technology.


**Daytrana is a patch. It is recommended to leave it on up to 9 hours, and the medicine effect wears off about 2 hours after the patch is removed. If it is needed for less time, it can be removed earlier. Some teens with long days note benefit if they leave it on longer, though it is not tested beyond the 9 hours.

Allergies

Antihistamines and other oral formulations

• Cetirizine (Zyrtec) (OTC)
• Fexofenadine (Allegra) (OTC)
• Levocetirizine (Xyzal)
• Loratidine (Claritin) (OTC)
• Monoleukast (Singulair) - not an antihistamine, also sometimes used for asthma prevention

Eye drops

• Azelastine (Optivar)
• Ketotifen (Zaditor)
• Olopatadine (Patanol)
• OTC decongestant eye drops (phenylephrine, naphazoline, or tetrahydrozoline) 
• OTC antihistamine eye drops (pheniramine or antazoline) 

Inhaled nasal corticosteroids (nose sprays)

• Beclomethasone (Qnasl, Beconase, Vancenase)
• Budesonide (Rhinocort)
• Ciclesonide(Omnaris, Zetonna)
• Flunisolide (Nasalide, Nasarel)
• Fluticasone (Flonase) (OTC)
• Fluticasone furoate (Veramyst)
• Mometasone (Nasonex)
• Triamcinolone (Nasacort) (OTC)

Asthma

Bronchodilators (quick relief medicines)

• Albuterol (Proair, Proventil, Ventolin, Ventolin HFA)
• Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

Inhaled Corticosteroids (prevention medicines) - many come in various strengths, be sure to check that too!

• Beclomethasone (QVAR)
• Budesonide (Pulmicort Flexhaler, Pulmicort Respules)
• Ciclesonide (Alvesco)
• Flunisolide (Aerobid)
• Fluticasone (Flovent HFA, Flovent Discus)
• Mometasone (Asmanex Twisthaler)
• Triamcinolone (Azmacort)

Inhaled Corticosteroid + Bronchodilator combination medicines

• Budesonide + Formoterol (Symbicort)
• Fluticasone + salmeterol (Advair Discus, Advair HFA)
• Mometasone + Formoterol (Dulera)